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English Grammar: 2,165 MCQs with Answers

English Grammar for SSC, HSSC, UPTET, HTET, HPTET
English Grammar
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English Grammar Quiz Questions

English Grammar is one of the most important sections in competitive examinations conducted by various state and central government recruiting agencies across India. A strong command of English Grammar helps candidates improve their performance in subjects such as English Language, Communication Skills, Reading Comprehension, Error Detection, Sentence Improvement, Vocabulary, and Writing Ability.

This English Grammar Quiz contains carefully selected multiple-choice questions (MCQs) covering all major grammar topics including Parts of Speech, Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Tenses, Articles, Adjectives, Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Active and Passive Voice, Direct and Indirect Speech, Subject-Verb Agreement, Error Detection, Sentence Correction, Vocabulary, Synonyms, Antonyms, One Word Substitution, Idioms and Phrases, Cloze Test, Para Jumbles, and Reading Comprehension.

These English Grammar MCQs are highly useful for candidates preparing for various state-level and national-level examinations. Regular practice of these questions helps improve accuracy, speed, grammatical understanding, and overall exam performance.

Other Exam Papers:

Important English Grammar Topics

  • Parts of Speech
  • Noun
  • Pronoun
  • Verb
  • Tenses
  • Articles
  • Adjectives
  • Adverbs
  • Prepositions
  • Conjunctions
  • Interjections
  • Active and Passive Voice
  • Direct and Indirect Speech
  • Subject-Verb Agreement
  • Error Detection
  • Sentence Improvement
  • Sentence Rearrangement
  • Synonyms
  • Antonyms
  • Idioms and Phrases
  • One Word Substitution
  • Spellings
  • Cloze Test
  • Reading Comprehension
  • Vocabulary Building
  • Fill in the Blanks

Haryana Exams Where English Grammar Questions Are Asked

  • HCS (Haryana Civil Services)
  • HTET
  • HPSC Assistant Professor
  • Haryana Police Constable
  • Haryana Police SI
  • CET Group C
  • CET Group D
  • Haryana Patwari
  • Canal Patwari
  • Gram Sachiv
  • Clerk
  • Stenographer
  • Junior Engineer (JE)
  • Naib Tehsildar
  • Tehsildar
  • Excise Inspector
  • Haryana Judiciary
  • TGT Recruitment
  • PGT Recruitment
  • Primary Teacher Recruitment
  • Assistant Lineman (ALM)
  • Various HSSC and HPSC Examinations

Rajasthan Exams

  • RAS
  • REET
  • Rajasthan Police Constable
  • Rajasthan Police SI
  • Patwari
  • Gram Vikas Adhikari (VDO)
  • Junior Accountant
  • LDC
  • CET Graduation Level
  • CET Senior Secondary Level
  • School Lecturer
  • Senior Teacher
  • Junior Instructor
  • Forest Guard
  • Forester
  • Rajasthan High Court Examinations

Punjab Exams

  • PPSC Civil Services
  • Punjab Police Constable
  • Punjab Police SI
  • PSTET
  • Punjab Clerk Recruitment
  • Excise Inspector
  • Cooperative Inspector
  • Jail Warder
  • School Lecturer
  • Master Cadre Teacher
  • Punjab Judiciary
  • Various PSSSB Examinations

Delhi Exams

  • DSSSB TGT
  • DSSSB PGT
  • DSSSB Assistant Teacher
  • DSSSB Junior Assistant
  • DSSSB Clerk
  • DSSSB Stenographer
  • Delhi Police Constable
  • Delhi Police Head Constable
  • Delhi Police MTS
  • Delhi Subordinate Services Examinations

Uttar Pradesh Exams

  • UPPCS
  • UPPSC Assistant Professor
  • UPPSC RO/ARO
  • UP Police Constable
  • UP Police SI
  • UPTET
  • UP Lekhpal
  • Junior Assistant
  • Stenographer
  • Review Officer
  • BEO
  • LT Grade Teacher
  • TGT
  • PGT
  • UP Judiciary
  • Various UPSSSC Examinations

Uttarakhand Exams

  • UKPSC PCS
  • UKPSC Lower PCS
  • UKPSC Lecturer
  • UKTET
  • Uttarakhand Police Constable
  • Uttarakhand Police SI
  • Patwari
  • Lekhpal
  • Junior Assistant
  • Forest Guard
  • Cooperative Inspector
  • Various UKSSSC Examinations

Bihar Exams

  • BPSC
  • BPSC Teacher Recruitment
  • Bihar Police SI
  • Bihar Police Constable
  • Bihar SSC
  • Bihar Clerk Recruitment
  • Revenue Employee
  • Panchayat Secretary
  • Bihar Judiciary
  • Assistant Professor Recruitment
  • Various BSSC Examinations

Jharkhand Exams

  • JPSC
  • JTET
  • Jharkhand Police SI
  • Jharkhand Police Constable
  • Jharkhand Excise Constable
  • Panchayat Secretary
  • Junior Assistant
  • Stenographer
  • Forest Guard
  • Various JSSC Examinations

Himachal Pradesh Exams

  • HP Administrative Services (HAS)
  • HP TET
  • HP Police Constable
  • HP Police SI
  • Junior Office Assistant
  • Clerk
  • Patwari
  • Tehsildar Allied Services
  • Lecturer Recruitment
  • TGT Recruitment
  • HPSSC Examinations
  • HPPSC Examinations

West Bengal Exams

  • WBCS
  • WBPSC Clerkship
  • WBPSC Miscellaneous Services
  • WB Police Constable
  • WB Police SI
  • Primary Teacher Recruitment
  • Upper Primary Teacher Recruitment
  • School Service Commission (SSC) Exams
  • Group C Recruitment
  • Group D Recruitment
  • Various WBPSC and WBSSC Examinations

Central Government Exams

  • SSC CGL
  • SSC CHSL
  • SSC MTS
  • SSC CPO
  • SSC GD
  • SSC Selection Post
  • RRB NTPC
  • RRB Group D
  • RRB ALP
  • RRB JE
  • IBPS PO
  • IBPS Clerk
  • SBI PO
  • SBI Clerk
  • LIC AAO
  • LIC Assistant
  • EPFO
  • FCI
  • AFCAT
  • CDS
  • NDA
  • CAPF
  • Various Banking and Insurance Examinations

Practice these English Grammar Quiz Questions regularly to strengthen your grammar concepts, improve your vocabulary, and achieve higher scores in competitive examinations.

Q1. Choose the correct indirect speech.

Ravi said, "I am busy."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: Ravi said that he was busy.

Explanation:

This sentence is in the simple present tense within the reported speech. Since the reporting verb "said" is in the past tense, the verb "am" changes to "was" according to the rule of backshift. The pronoun "I" also changes to "he" because it refers to Ravi. Therefore, the correct indirect narration is "Ravi said that he was busy." The other options either retain the incorrect tense or use the wrong pronoun and are grammatically incorrect.

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Q2. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "I like music."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: She said that she liked music.

Explanation:

The reporting verb is in the past tense, so the simple present tense "like" changes to the simple past tense "liked" in indirect speech. The pronoun "I" changes to "she" because it refers to the speaker. Hence, "She said that she liked music" is correct. The remaining options contain incorrect pronouns, incorrect verb forms, or an inappropriate reporting verb, making them grammatically incorrect.

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Q3. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "I have finished my work."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: He said that he had finished his work.

Explanation:

In indirect speech, the present perfect tense changes to the past perfect tense when the reporting verb is in the past. Thus, "have finished" becomes "had finished." The pronouns also change appropriately, with "I" becoming "he" and "my" becoming "his." Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He said that he had finished his work." The other options violate tense or pronoun change rules.

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Q4. Choose the correct indirect speech.

They said, "We are ready."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: They said that they were ready.

Explanation:

The reporting verb "said" is in the past tense, so the present tense verb "are" changes to "were" in indirect speech. The pronoun "we" changes to "they" because it refers to the speakers themselves. Hence, the correct answer is "They said that they were ready." The remaining options either fail to change the tense correctly or use an incorrect pronoun.

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Q5. Choose the correct indirect speech.

My father said, "The Earth revolves around the Sun."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: My father said that the Earth revolves around the Sun.

Explanation:

This sentence expresses a universal truth. Universal truths do not undergo a tense change in indirect speech, even if the reporting verb is in the past tense. Therefore, "revolves" remains unchanged. The correct indirect speech is "My father said that the Earth revolves around the Sun." The other options incorrectly change the tense or omit essential grammatical elements.

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Q6. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The teacher said, "Do your homework."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: The teacher advised us to do our homework.

Explanation:

Imperative sentences expressing advice are generally reported using reporting verbs such as "advised" followed by an infinitive. Therefore, "Do your homework" becomes "The teacher advised us to do our homework." Options B, C, and D are grammatically incorrect because they do not follow the accepted structure for changing imperative sentences into indirect speech.

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Q7. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said to me, "Please help me."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: He requested me to help him.

Explanation:

The word "please" indicates that the sentence is a request. In indirect speech, requests are commonly reported with the verb "requested" followed by the object and an infinitive. The pronoun "me" changes to "him" according to the context. Therefore, the correct answer is "He requested me to help him." The remaining options use incorrect grammar or inappropriate reporting verbs.

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Q8. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "Where do you live?"

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: She asked where I lived.

Explanation:

An interrogative sentence beginning with a question word retains the question word in indirect speech. However, the sentence changes to statement order, and the present tense "live" changes to the past tense "lived." Therefore, the correct form is "She asked where I lived." The other options either keep the interrogative word order or fail to change the tense appropriately.

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Q9. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The officer said, "Stand up."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: The officer ordered him to stand up.

Explanation:

This imperative sentence expresses a command because it is spoken by an officer. Commands are converted into indirect speech using reporting verbs such as "ordered" or "commanded," followed by the object and the infinitive form of the verb. Therefore, "The officer ordered him to stand up" is correct. The other options either use an inappropriate reporting verb or incorrect grammatical construction.

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Q10. Choose the correct indirect speech.

Ravi said, "I am busy."

English Grammar - Narration (Direct and Indirect Speech)

Narration

Right Answer: Ravi said that he was busy.

Explanation:

When converting a declarative sentence into indirect speech, the reporting verb "said" remains unchanged, but the tense usually shifts back if the reporting verb is in the past tense. Here, "am" changes to "was" because the reporting verb is "said." The pronoun "I" also changes to "he" since it refers to Ravi. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "Ravi said that he was busy." The remaining options either use an incorrect pronoun, incorrect tense, or an incomplete sentence structure.

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Q11. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "Alas! I have lost my wallet."

Narration

Right Answer: He exclaimed sadly that he had lost his wallet.

Explanation:

The interjection "Alas!" expresses grief or sorrow. While changing such exclamatory sentences into indirect speech, the reporting verb changes to "exclaimed sadly." Since the reporting verb "said" is in the past tense, the present perfect tense "have lost" changes to the past perfect tense "had lost." The pronoun also changes according to the context. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He exclaimed sadly that he had lost his wallet."
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Q12. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "Hurrah! We have won the match."

Narration

Right Answer: She exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.

Explanation:

The interjection "Hurrah!" expresses happiness or celebration. Therefore, the reporting verb changes to "exclaimed with joy." Since the reporting verb is in the past tense, the present perfect tense "have won" changes to the past perfect tense "had won." The pronoun "we" changes to "they" according to the speaker. Thus, the correct indirect speech is "She exclaimed with joy that they had won the match."
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Q13. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The doctor said to him, "Take this medicine regularly."

Narration

Right Answer: The doctor advised him to take that medicine regularly.

Explanation:

This sentence is an imperative sentence expressing advice. In indirect speech, such sentences are generally reported using verbs like "advised" followed by the object and the infinitive form of the verb. The demonstrative adjective "this" changes to "that" in indirect speech. Therefore, the correct transformation is "The doctor advised him to take that medicine regularly." The remaining options contain incorrect grammatical structures.
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Q14. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "Can you solve this problem?"

Narration

Right Answer: He asked whether I could solve that problem.

Explanation:

This is an interrogative sentence beginning with the modal verb "Can." In indirect speech, yes/no questions are introduced by "if" or "whether." The modal verb "can" changes to "could," and the demonstrative adjective "this" changes to "that." The sentence also changes from question word order to statement word order. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He asked whether I could solve that problem."
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Q15. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said to me, "May God bless you!"

Narration

Right Answer: Both A and B

Explanation:

The sentence expresses a wish or prayer. While changing such sentences into indirect speech, reporting verbs like "wished" or "prayed" are appropriate. The expression "May God bless you" becomes "that God might bless me" after changing the pronoun according to the context. Since both "She wished that God might bless me" and "She prayed that God might bless me" are grammatically correct and convey the intended meaning, the correct answer is "Both A and B."
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Q16. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "I shall finish the work tomorrow."

Narration

Right Answer: He said that he would finish the work the next day.

Explanation:

The reporting verb "said" is in the past tense, so the modal verb "shall" changes to "would" in indirect speech. The time expression "tomorrow" also changes to "the next day" or "the following day." The pronoun "I" changes to "he" because it refers to the speaker. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He said that he would finish the work the next day." The other options either fail to change the tense, omit the required time change, or are grammatically incomplete.
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Q17. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The judge said, "The witness must tell the truth."

Narration

Right Answer: Both A and B

Explanation:

The modal verb "must" may either remain unchanged or change to "had to" in indirect speech depending on whether it expresses obligation. Both forms are considered grammatically acceptable in modern English. Therefore, both Option A and Option B correctly express the reported speech. Option C is grammatically incorrect because it omits necessary words and does not follow the proper structure of indirect narration.
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Q18. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "What a beautiful painting!"

Narration

Right Answer: He exclaimed with admiration that it was a very beautiful painting.

Explanation:

The sentence is exclamatory and expresses admiration. In indirect speech, such sentences are generally reported using the reporting verb "exclaimed with admiration." The exclamatory form changes into a statement introduced by "that." The expression "What a beautiful painting!" becomes "it was a very beautiful painting." The remaining options either omit important grammatical elements or fail to express the emotion conveyed in the original sentence.
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Q19. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "Would you like some coffee?"

Narration

Right Answer: She offered me some coffee.

Explanation:

Although the sentence is in the form of a question, its real purpose is to make an offer. In indirect speech, offers are reported using verbs such as "offered." Therefore, the correct transformation is "She offered me some coffee." The other options either change the intended meaning, use an incorrect tense, or fail to report the offer appropriately. Understanding the speaker's intention is essential while converting such sentences.
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Q20. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "Let's go for a walk."

Narration

Right Answer: He suggested going for a walk.

Explanation:

The expression "Let's" is generally used to make a suggestion. While changing such sentences into indirect speech, the reporting verb "suggested" is the most appropriate choice. The phrase "Let's go for a walk" becomes "suggested going for a walk" or "suggested that they should go for a walk." The remaining options are grammatically incorrect because they either misuse the reporting verb or fail to follow the proper structure of reported speech.
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Q21. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The captain said, "March forward!"

Narration

Right Answer: The captain ordered them to march forward.

Explanation:

This is an imperative sentence expressing a command. Since a captain has the authority to issue commands, the reporting verb changes from "said" to "ordered." Imperative sentences are converted into indirect speech by using the infinitive form of the verb preceded by "to." Therefore, "March forward!" becomes "The captain ordered them to march forward." The remaining options either use an inappropriate reporting verb or contain incorrect grammatical structures.
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Q22. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "Could you open the window?"

Narration

Right Answer: She requested me to open the window.

Explanation:

Although the sentence is in the form of a question, its purpose is to make a polite request. Therefore, the reporting verb changes to "requested." The interrogative structure changes into an infinitive construction, resulting in "She requested me to open the window." The other options either change the intended meaning, omit important words, or fail to follow the correct grammatical pattern for reporting polite requests.
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Q23. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The teacher said, "Who broke this chair?"

Narration

Right Answer: The teacher asked who had broken that chair.

Explanation:

This is a WH-question beginning with "Who." In indirect speech, the question word is retained, but the sentence changes from interrogative to statement order. Since the reporting verb is in the past tense, the simple past verb "broke" changes to the past perfect form "had broken." The demonstrative adjective "this" also changes to "that." Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "The teacher asked who had broken that chair."
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Q24. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said to me, "Why are you laughing?"

Narration

Right Answer: He asked me why I was laughing.

Explanation:

This sentence is an interrogative sentence beginning with the question word "Why." In indirect speech, the question word is retained, but the sentence changes to statement order. The present continuous tense "are laughing" changes to the past continuous tense "was laughing," and the pronoun "you" changes according to the listener. Therefore, the correct answer is "He asked me why I was laughing." The remaining options violate the rules of indirect narration.
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Q25. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "I had completed the project before you arrived."

Narration

Right Answer: She said that she had completed the project before I arrived.

Explanation:

The reported speech is already in the past perfect tense, so it does not undergo any further tense change in indirect speech. Only the pronouns are changed according to the context. Thus, "I" becomes "she," and "you" becomes "I" when the statement is reported by the listener. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "She said that she had completed the project before I arrived." The remaining options either make unnecessary tense changes or are grammatically incorrect.
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Q26. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The old man said, "Honesty is the best policy."

Narration

Right Answer: The old man said that honesty is the best policy.

Explanation:

The sentence expresses a universal truth or a proverb. When a reported statement expresses a universal truth, scientific fact, or proverb, its tense does not change in indirect speech, even if the reporting verb is in the past tense. Therefore, the present tense verb "is" remains unchanged. Hence, the correct indirect speech is "The old man said that honesty is the best policy." The remaining options either change the tense unnecessarily or are grammatically incorrect.
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Q27. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "If I were rich, I would travel the world."

Narration

Right Answer: He said that if he were rich, he would travel the world.

Explanation:

The sentence expresses an unreal or imaginary condition using the second conditional. Such sentences generally do not undergo any tense change in indirect speech because the conditional form already indicates an unreal situation. The pronoun "I" changes to "he," while the verb forms "were" and "would travel" remain unchanged. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He said that if he were rich, he would travel the world."
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Q28. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "I wish I knew the answer."

Narration

Right Answer: She said that she wished she knew the answer.

Explanation:

The expression "I wish" indicates a present unreal desire or regret. In indirect speech, the reporting verb "said" is followed by "that," while the verb "wished" and the clause "she knew the answer" remain unchanged because they already express an unreal present situation. The pronoun "I" changes to "she." Therefore, the correct answer is "She said that she wished she knew the answer." The other options either alter the meaning or contain grammatical errors.
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Q29. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The teacher said, "Work hard lest you should fail."

Narration

Right Answer: The teacher advised us to work hard lest we should fail.

Explanation:

This imperative sentence gives advice and includes the clause "lest you should fail," which expresses the purpose of the advice. In indirect speech, the reporting verb changes to "advised," and the imperative verb changes into the infinitive form "to work." The clause beginning with "lest" remains unchanged because it preserves the intended meaning. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "The teacher advised us to work hard lest we should fail."
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Q30. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "You had better consult a doctor."

Narration

Right Answer: He advised me to consult a doctor.

Explanation:

The expression "had better" is used to give advice or a strong recommendation. While changing such sentences into indirect speech, the reporting verb is changed to "advised." The expression "had better consult" is converted into the infinitive form "to consult," and the pronoun "you" changes according to the listener. Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He advised me to consult a doctor." The remaining options are either incomplete or grammatically incorrect.
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Q31. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "Never tell a lie."

Narration

Right Answer: She advised me never to tell a lie.

Explanation:

This sentence is a negative imperative expressing advice. In indirect speech, negative commands or advice are generally reported using the reporting verb "advised" followed by "not to" or "never to" with the base form of the verb. Here, "Never tell a lie" becomes "She advised me never to tell a lie." The remaining options are grammatically incorrect because they omit essential words or fail to follow the standard structure used for reporting negative imperative sentences.
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Q32. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The boy said, "Good morning, Sir."

Narration

Right Answer: Both B and C

Explanation:

Greetings such as "Good morning," "Good evening," or "Good night" are usually reported by using verbs like "greeted" or "wished." Both "The boy wished the Sir good morning" and "The boy greeted the Sir respectfully" correctly express the meaning of the original sentence in indirect speech. Therefore, both options B and C are acceptable. Option A is less natural because the phrase "greeted the Sir" is not idiomatic English, making option D the most appropriate answer.
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Q33. Choose the correct indirect speech.

He said, "Bravo! You have done well."

Narration

Right Answer: He applauded me saying that I had done well.

Explanation:

The interjection "Bravo!" expresses praise or appreciation. In indirect speech, such expressions are commonly reported using verbs like "applauded," "praised," or "congratulated," depending on the context. Since the reporting verb is in the past tense, the present perfect tense "have done" changes to the past perfect tense "had done." Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "He applauded me saying that I had done well." The other options are incomplete or fail to convey the intended meaning.
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Q34. Choose the correct indirect speech.

The stranger said to me, "Could you tell me the way to the station?"

Narration

Right Answer: The stranger requested me to tell him the way to the station.

Explanation:

Although this sentence is framed as a question, its actual purpose is to make a polite request. Therefore, the reporting verb changes to "requested." The interrogative structure changes into an infinitive construction using "to tell." The pronoun "him" refers to the stranger, while "me" remains the listener. Hence, the correct indirect speech is "The stranger requested me to tell him the way to the station."
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Q35. Choose the correct indirect speech.

She said, "How foolish I have been!"

Narration

Right Answer: She exclaimed with regret that she had been very foolish.

Explanation:

The exclamatory sentence expresses regret about one's own action. In indirect speech, the reporting verb changes to "exclaimed with regret." Since the reporting verb is in the past tense, the present perfect tense "have been" changes to the past perfect tense "had been." The adjective is naturally expressed as "very foolish." Therefore, the correct indirect speech is "She exclaimed with regret that she had been very foolish."
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Q36. Choose the correct prepositions for the blanks : He has been living ........... Calcutta ........... last three years.

Preposition

Right Answer: in, for

Explanation:

Two blanks need two different prepositions here. 'Live in' is used with a city or a town, so the first blank takes 'in Calcutta'. The second blank follows the present perfect continuous tense 'has been living', which needs a period of time. 'For' is used with a duration such as three years, three hours or a long time, whereas 'since' is used with a fixed point of time such as 2019 or Monday. 'Last three years' shows duration, not a starting point, so 'for' is correct. Hence the right answer is 'in, for'.
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Q37. I met Mr. Shah at .......... U. S. airport.

Article

Right Answer: a

Explanation:

The choice between 'a' and 'an' depends on the sound of the following word, not on its spelling. Although 'U' is a vowel letter, the abbreviation 'U. S.' is pronounced 'yoo-es', which begins with the consonant sound /j/. Words beginning with such a sound take the article 'a', as in a university, a union and a European country. Therefore the sentence reads 'at a U. S. airport'. 'An' is used only before a vowel sound, as in an hour or an MLA. Hence the correct answer is 'a'.
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Q38. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank : You are ............ among criminals.

Adjective

Right Answer: meanest

Explanation:

When a person or thing is compared with the whole group to which it belongs, English uses the superlative degree, and the preposition 'among' or 'of' introduces that group. Here the speaker is placed within the group of criminals, so the superlative form 'meanest' is required. The comparative 'meaner' would need 'than' and only two items, 'meanly' is an adverb and cannot follow the verb 'are' as a complement, and 'most meaner' is a double comparative, which is grammatically wrong. Hence the correct answer is 'meanest'.
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Q39. Choose the correct one word substitution : A disease that spreads over a large area.

One Word Substitution

Right Answer: epidemic

Explanation:

A one word substitution replaces a long descriptive phrase with a single precise word. A disease that spreads rapidly over a large area and affects a great number of people at the same time is called an epidemic; when it spreads across countries it becomes a pandemic. The other options carry entirely different meanings: 'effeminate' means womanish in manner, 'germicide' is a substance that kills germs, and 'illicit' means forbidden or unlawful. None of these describes a widespread disease. Hence the correct answer is epidemic.
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Q40. The word 'pious' means :

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: religious and moral

Explanation:

The adjective 'pious' is used for a person who is deeply devoted to religion and follows moral and virtuous conduct in daily life. It carries a positive sense of reverence, devotion and righteousness, as in a pious woman or a pious deed. The other choices are unrelated in meaning: 'worthless' means having no value, 'liberal' means generous or open minded and tolerant of other views, and 'traitor' means a person who betrays his own country or friends. Hence 'religious and moral' correctly explains the word pious.
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Q41. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank : He ............ his sister more than anyone else.

Subject Verb Agreement

Right Answer: loves

Explanation:

The subject of this sentence is 'He', a third person singular pronoun, so the verb in the simple present tense must take the inflection -s. Therefore 'loves' is the correct form. The bare form 'love' is used with plural subjects and with I, we, you and they. The forms 'is loving' and 'was loving' belong to continuous tenses, and 'love' is a stative verb of emotion which is not normally used in the continuous form. The sentence also states a permanent fact. Hence the correct answer is 'loves'.
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Q42. Choose the correct sentence :

Verb

Right Answer: He broke her heart by turning down her proposal.

Explanation:

The verb 'break' is an irregular verb and its three forms are break, broke and broken. Its simple past tense is therefore 'broke', not the regular form 'breaked', which does not exist in English. The sentence describes a completed past action of turning down a proposal, so the simple past is required and the sentence reads 'He broke her heart by turning down her proposal'. Options two and three use the invented form 'breaked', and option one wrongly uses the present tense. Hence the fourth sentence is correct.
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Q43. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank : He ............ sleep after reading at least 20 pages every night, when he lived in hostel.

Tenses

Right Answer: would

Explanation:

The clause 'when he lived in hostel' fixes the action firmly in the past, and the sentence describes something he did repeatedly every night. To express a habitual or repeated action in the past, English uses the modal 'would' or the structure 'used to'. Therefore 'He would sleep after reading at least twenty pages every night' is correct. 'Will' and 'shall' refer to future time and cannot follow a past context, while 'might' expresses possibility rather than habit. Hence the correct answer is 'would'.
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Q44. Choose the correct tense form : Look ! Here .......... the director of the drama.

Tenses

Right Answer: comes

Explanation:

The sentence begins with the adverb 'Here', which causes inversion, so the verb comes before the subject. The real subject is 'the director', a singular noun, and the sentence reports something happening at this very moment. The simple present tense with the singular inflection is used for such an immediate, vivid action, so the correct form is 'Here comes the director of the drama'. 'Come' is plural, while 'had come' and 'have come' are perfect tenses that do not suit an action taking place now. Hence 'comes' is right.
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Q45. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank : You will fail ............ you work very hard.

Conjunction

Right Answer: unless

Explanation:

The sentence carries a negative condition: failure will happen if hard work does not take place. The conjunction 'unless' means 'if not', so 'You will fail unless you work very hard' conveys exactly this idea and needs no additional negative word. The other options do not fit the structure: 'nevertheless' is a contrast adverb meaning 'however', 'howsoever' means 'in whatever way' and introduces a manner clause, and 'beside' is a preposition meaning 'by the side of'. Hence the correct answer is 'unless'.
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Q46. The synonym of 'Filthy' is :

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: dirty

Explanation:

A synonym is a word that carries nearly the same meaning as another word. The adjective 'filthy' describes something extremely dirty, unclean or disgusting, as in a filthy room or filthy clothes, and it can also mean morally offensive. Among the given choices, 'dirty' expresses this sense most closely. The other options are unrelated: 'weak' means lacking strength, 'fluffy' means soft and light like wool or feathers, and 'strong' is in fact opposite in sense to weak. Hence the correct synonym of filthy is dirty.
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Q47. The antonym of 'adversity' is :

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: prosperity

Explanation:

An antonym is a word opposite in meaning. The noun 'adversity' means a state of hardship, misfortune or difficulty in life, as in the proverb that a friend in need is a friend indeed during adversity. Its natural opposite is 'prosperity', which denotes success, wealth and good fortune. The remaining options are close in sense to adversity rather than opposite to it: 'discord' means disagreement, 'scarcity' means shortage, and 'misery' means great distress. Hence the correct antonym of adversity is prosperity.
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Q48. The idiom – "To pay off old scores" means :

Idioms and Phrases

Right Answer: To have revenge

Explanation:

An idiom carries a figurative meaning that cannot be guessed from its individual words. The expression 'to pay off old scores' means to take revenge for an old injury, insult or grudge, that is, to settle an old account of wrongdoing. Here the word 'score' refers to a record of past grievances rather than to money or marks. The other options interpret the phrase literally in financial terms, such as returning capital without interest, living within one's income, or refusing to repay a loan. Hence the correct meaning is 'to have revenge'.
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Q49. Choose the correct option for the underlined word : She is likely to come today.

Adjective

Right Answer: Adjective

Explanation:

In the sentence 'She is likely to come today', the word 'likely' follows the linking verb 'is' and describes the subject 'She', telling us about her probable action. A word that qualifies a noun or pronoun in this way is an adjective, and here it works as a subject complement. Although 'likely' can also function as an adverb in phrases such as 'most likely', its use after a form of the verb 'be' is adjectival. It is certainly not a pronoun or a conjunction. Hence the correct answer is adjective.
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Q50. Choose the correct option : 'Misanthrop' is :

One Word Substitution

Right Answer: One who hates mankind

Explanation:

The word 'misanthrope', sometimes spelt misanthrop, comes from the Greek roots misein meaning to hate and anthropos meaning mankind. It therefore denotes a person who hates or distrusts all human beings and avoids their society. Related words are philanthrope for a lover of mankind and misogynist for a hater of women. The other options describe different ideas: something imaginary is fictitious, something not based on facts is baseless, and a calf for sacrifice is a scapegoat. Hence the correct answer is 'one who hates mankind'.
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Q51. Synonym of 'hate' is :

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: dislike

Explanation:

The word 'hate' means to feel a strong dislike or aversion towards someone or something. Among the given options, 'dislike' carries almost the same sense and is therefore its closest synonym, although 'hate' expresses a much stronger degree of feeling. 'Docile' means obedient and easy to manage; 'creep' means to move slowly and quietly, or an unpleasant person; and 'anger' is a temporary emotional state of displeasure rather than a settled aversion. Since a synonym must match the meaning and not merely the emotion, 'dislike' is the correct answer.

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Q52. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions : The boy fell ……… the well ……… 10 O'clock.

Preposition

Right Answer: into, at

Explanation:

The correct answer is 'into, at'. The preposition 'into' shows movement from outside to inside, so a boy who falls from the edge of a well falls 'into' it; 'in' would only show a static position already inside. For clock time, English uses the preposition 'at' — at 10 o'clock, at noon, at midnight. 'On' is used with days and dates such as on Monday or on 5 June, while 'in' is used with months, years and longer periods such as in May or in 2022. Hence option (2) is correct.

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Q53. Harish himself wrote the poem. The underlined words are :

Pronoun

Right Answer: Noun, Pronoun

Explanation:

In the sentence 'Harish himself wrote the poem', the underlined words are 'Harish' and 'himself'. 'Harish' is a proper noun as it names a particular person. 'Himself' here is an emphatic (emphasising) pronoun, used to lay stress on the subject and show that no one else wrote the poem. The same word can also act as a reflexive pronoun when the action returns to the doer, as in 'He hurt himself'. Since a reflexive or emphatic pronoun is still a pronoun, the correct answer is Noun, Pronoun.

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Q54. The superlative degree of 'Far' is :

Adjective

Right Answer: Farthest

Explanation:

The adjective 'far' has two sets of degrees in modern English. When distance is meant, the forms are far – farther – farthest, and when order, extent or additional amount is meant, the forms are far – further – furthest. Therefore the superlative degree of 'far' is 'farthest'. 'Farther' is only the comparative form, while 'most far' and 'most farther' are not accepted, because adjectives that already have irregular comparative and superlative forms are never compared again with 'more' or 'most'. Hence option (2) is correct.

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Q55. The young one of a bear is :

Animal Sounds and Young Ones

Right Answer: cub

Explanation:

The young one of a bear is called a 'cub'. English has separate words for the young ones of different animals, and these are commonly tested in vocabulary questions. 'Cub' is used for the young of a bear, lion, tiger, fox and wolf. A 'calf' is the young of a cow, elephant, whale or buffalo; a 'fawn' is the young of a deer; and a 'foal' is the young of a horse, which is further called a colt if male and a filly if female. Hence the correct answer is 'cub'.

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Q56. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the Verb : What ………… you ………… with this knife yesterday ?

Verb

Right Answer: did, do

Explanation:

The correct answer is 'did, do'. The word 'yesterday' shows that the sentence is in the simple past tense, so the past auxiliary 'did' is required to frame the question. A very important rule of English grammar is that when an auxiliary such as do, does or did is used, the main verb always remains in its bare infinitive form, that is, the first form. Therefore we say 'What did you do with this knife yesterday?' and never 'What did you did'. Hence option (3) is correct.

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Q57. The milk has turned sour. The underlined word is :

Adjective

Right Answer: Adjective

Explanation:

In the sentence 'The milk has turned sour', the underlined word 'sour' is an adjective. The verb 'turn' is here used as a linking or copular verb, meaning 'to become', and a linking verb is always followed by a subject complement. When that complement describes the quality or state of the subject, it must be an adjective and not an adverb. So 'sour' describes the milk, telling us what the milk has become. Other common linking verbs are be, seem, appear, look, feel, grow and become.

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Q58. Antonym of 'Cool' is :

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: Hot

Explanation:

The correct answer is 'Hot'. An antonym is a word opposite in meaning, and the natural opposite of 'cool' on the temperature scale is 'hot'. 'Cold' is not the best answer because cold and cool lie on the same side of the scale, cold being simply a more intense degree of coolness. 'Colder' and 'warmer' are comparative forms, and a positive degree word should be matched with another word in the positive degree. Since the question asks for a direct opposite of the same degree, 'Hot' is correct.

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Q59. Choose the correct spelling of the given word :

Spelling

Right Answer: bungalow

Explanation:

The correct spelling is 'bungalow'. The word came into English from the Hindi word 'bangla', meaning a house in the Bengal style, and it is written with 'u' in the first two syllables and 'ow' at the end. The other options are all misspellings — 'bungalowe' wrongly adds a final 'e', while 'bangalow' and 'bangelow' wrongly use 'a' or 'e' in place of 'u'. Words borrowed from Indian languages often have fixed English spellings that must simply be memorised. Hence option (4) is correct.

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Q60. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect :

Keats is (A) / a quiet (B) / good poet (C) / among the romantic poets (D)

Spotting Errors

Right Answer: B

Explanation:

The sentence is divided as: Keats is (A) / a quiet (B) / good poet (C) / among the romantic poets (D). The error lies in part B. The word 'quiet' is an adjective meaning silent or making little noise, whereas the sense required here is 'fairly' or 'to a considerable degree', which is expressed by the adverb 'quite'. The correct sentence is therefore 'Keats is a quite good poet among the romantic poets.' Such pairs of similar looking words — quiet and quite, desert and dessert — are frequently tested. Hence the answer is B.

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Q61. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank : Amartya Sen Gupta is ……… N. R. I.

Article

Right Answer: an

Explanation:

The correct answer is 'an'. The choice between 'a' and 'an' depends on the sound with which the following word begins, not on its spelling. The abbreviation 'N. R. I.' is read letter by letter as 'en-aar-eye', and the first letter N is pronounced with the vowel sound /e/. Since it begins with a vowel sound, the article 'an' is used, as in an M.P., an S.P., an F.I.R. and an hour. 'The' would wrongly make it definite, and omitting the article is not possible before a singular countable noun.

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Q62. She sang a 'sweet' song. 'sweet' here is :

Adjective

Right Answer: Adjective

Explanation:

In the sentence 'She sang a sweet song', the word 'sweet' is an adjective because it comes immediately before the noun 'song' and describes its quality, telling us what kind of song it was. It is used attributively here. If the sentence had been 'She sang sweetly', then 'sweetly' would be an adverb modifying the verb 'sang'. A noun names a person, place or thing and a pronoun replaces a noun, neither of which applies to 'sweet' in this sentence. Hence option (2), Adjective, is correct.

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Q63. One word for 'A child whose parents are dead' is :

One Word Substitution

Right Answer: Orphan

Explanation:

The one word for 'a child whose parents are dead' is 'orphan'. Such single words used in place of a whole phrase are known as one word substitutions and are commonly asked in competitive examinations. The other options have quite different meanings — a 'sibling' is a brother or a sister; a 'bigot' is a person who is intolerant towards the opinions or beliefs of others; and a 'bastard' is a child born to parents who are not married to each other. The place where orphans live is called an orphanage.

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Q64. Choose the grammatically correct sentence :

Tenses

Right Answer: John has been living in Egypt since 1942.

Explanation:

The grammatically correct sentence is 'John has been living in Egypt since 1942.' Two rules are involved here. First, 'since' is used with a point of time such as 1942, Monday or morning, while 'for' is used with a period of time such as five years or two hours. Second, an action that began in the past and still continues is expressed by the present perfect continuous tense, formed as has/have been + verb-ing. As 'John' is a singular subject, 'has' is used and not 'have'. Hence option (3) is correct.

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Q65. Match the following :

Column-I : (a) Ass, (b) Duck, (c) Fly, (d) Bee
Column-II : (i) quack, (ii) hum, (iii) bray, (iv) buzz

Animal Sounds and Young Ones

Right Answer: a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii

Explanation:

Every animal has its own characteristic sound, and these verbs are frequently asked in vocabulary questions. An ass or donkey brays, so (a) matches with (iii). A duck quacks, so (b) matches with (i). A fly buzzes, so (c) matches with (iv). A bee hums, so (d) matches with (ii). This gives the combination a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii, which is option (3). Other useful examples are — lions roar, dogs bark, cats mew, horses neigh, cows low, sheep bleat, frogs croak and owls hoot.

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Q66. Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: NEBULOUS

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: Vague

Explanation:

The adjective 'nebulous' comes from the Latin 'nebula', meaning mist or cloud, and originally described something cloudy in appearance. In modern usage it describes an idea, plan or statement that is hazy, ill-defined and lacking clear outline, as in a nebulous proposal that nobody can act upon. Among the given options, 'vague' expresses exactly this lack of definiteness and is therefore the correct synonym. The remaining three choices all move in the opposite direction: 'precise', 'obvious' and 'clear' each describe something sharply defined or easily understood. Hence the correct answer is Vague.
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Q67. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word: Erudite

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: Uninformed

Explanation:

'Erudite' describes a person who has acquired extensive knowledge through wide reading and study, and it is often used of scholars and their writing. An antonym must therefore express an absence of such knowledge. Among the options, 'uninformed' means lacking knowledge or awareness of a subject and is the direct opposite, so it is the correct answer. The other three are deliberate traps because 'scholarly', 'learned' and 'intellectual' are all close synonyms of erudite rather than antonyms. Candidates should always check whether three options cluster together in meaning. Hence the correct answer is Uninformed.
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Q68. Choose the correct meaning of idiom: Fly off the handle

Idioms and Phrases

Right Answer: To become suddenly angry

Explanation:

The idiom 'fly off the handle' is drawn from the image of an axe head flying off its wooden handle in mid-swing, suddenly and dangerously. Applied to people, it means to lose one's temper abruptly and without warning, as in a manager who flew off the handle over a small mistake. Option three captures this sense exactly. The idiom has nothing to do with escaping or disappearing, despite the presence of the word 'fly', and it certainly does not mean handling a situation skilfully, which reverses the meaning. Hence the correct answer is 'To become suddenly angry'.
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Q69. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word: Encomium

Synonyms and Antonyms

Right Answer: Castigation

Explanation:

An 'encomium' is a formal speech or piece of writing that warmly praises someone or something, often delivered on a ceremonial occasion. Its antonym must therefore express severe criticism or rebuke. 'Castigation' means harsh reprimand or punishment through words and is the direct opposite, so it is the correct answer. The other three options are all synonyms of encomium: a 'panegyric' is itself an elaborate speech of praise, 'praise' is the plain equivalent, and a 'tribute' is an act or statement showing admiration. Hence the correct answer is Castigation.
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Q70. Spot the correct spelling of a chromosomal 'three copies' term.

Spelling

Right Answer: Trisomy

Explanation:

The condition in which a cell carries three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the usual two is called trisomy, the best known example being trisomy 21 or Down syndrome. The word is built from the Greek 'tri' meaning three and 'soma' meaning body, giving a single s and a final y. The correct spelling is therefore 'Trisomy', the third option. The other choices each distort it: 'Trisomie' and 'Trissomie' use a French-style ending, while 'Trissomy' and 'Trissomie' wrongly double the letter s. Hence the correct spelling is Trisomy.
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Q71. Choose the correct one-word substitute for: 'A state of disuse or inactivity'.

One Word Substitution

Right Answer: Desuetude

Explanation:

The phrase describes something that has fallen out of use and now lies dormant, as when an old law is no longer enforced. 'Desuetude' names precisely this condition of disuse and is commonly used in legal English in the phrase 'fallen into desuetude', so it is the correct one-word substitute. The other options differ: a 'hiatus' is a temporary pause or gap in a continuous activity, 'oblivion' is the state of being completely forgotten, and an 'interregnum' is the interval between two reigns or governments. Hence the correct answer is Desuetude.
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Q72. Select the correct option: So delicate ___ the negotiations that a single leak could derail them.

Subject Verb Agreement

Right Answer: was

Explanation:

The sentence uses the emphatic inverted pattern 'So + adjective + verb + subject + that', in which the verb moves ahead of the subject. The narrative frame is past, since the consequence clause uses the past form 'could derail', so the verb in the blank must also be past rather than present. This rules out the present forms 'are' and 'is'. Between the two past forms, the official answer key for this paper marks 'was' as the correct option. Candidates should note that the verb in such inversions must still agree in tense with the rest of the sentence.
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Q73. Select the correct option: Her interpretation was ___ than insightful; it bordered on the revelatory.

Sentence Completion

Right Answer: more

Explanation:

The clause after the semicolon says that her interpretation 'bordered on the revelatory', which is a stronger quality than mere insight. The blank must therefore intensify rather than diminish, and with 'than' present a comparative form is required. 'More' supplies both, giving 'more than insightful'. 'Less' would reverse the meaning and contradict the second clause entirely. 'Other' produces 'other than insightful', which would deny that the interpretation was insightful at all. 'Rather' cannot combine with 'than' in this position to form the required comparative. Hence the correct answer is more.
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Q74. Select the correct option: The reforms, while ostensibly motivated by economic exigencies, were in effect a veiled attempt to ___ dissent under the guise of austerity.

Sentence Completion

Right Answer: quell

Explanation:

The sentence describes reforms that were secretly designed to act against dissent while appearing to serve economic necessity. The verb in the blank must therefore mean to suppress or put down. 'Quell' carries exactly that sense and collocates naturally with dissent, protest and rebellion, so it is correct. 'Swell' would mean to increase dissent, which reverses the intended meaning. 'Rebut' means to argue against a claim with evidence, an open intellectual act rather than a veiled suppression. 'Impugn' means to call someone's honesty or motives into question. Hence the correct answer is quell.
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Q75. Find the part of the sentence that contains an error.

The more senior the position was (1)/ the more urgent became the need (2)/ for discretion, decorum, and (3)/ refraining from premature disclosure. (4)

Spotting Errors

Right Answer: (4)

Explanation:

The preposition 'for' in part three introduces a list, and every item in that list must share the same grammatical form. The first two items, 'discretion' and 'decorum', are plain nouns. Part four, however, supplies the gerund 'refraining', which breaks the parallel structure of the series. To correct it the writer would need a noun such as 'restraint', giving 'for discretion, decorum, and restraint'. Parts one and two are correctly built as a double comparative construction of the 'the more ... the more' type. Hence the error lies in part (4).
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Q76. Find the part of the sentence that contains an error.

The report's emphasis on techno-optimism, while commendable, (1)/ overlook the structural inequities (2)/ that persist in data accessibility and digital literacy (3)/ across demographic and regional divides. (4)

Spotting Errors

Right Answer: (2)

Explanation:

The grammatical subject of this sentence is 'The report's emphasis', which is singular. The phrase 'while commendable' is set off by commas and is merely parenthetical, so it does not affect agreement. The main verb must therefore be singular, yet part two supplies the plural form 'overlook' and should read 'overlooks'. The plural noun 'inequities' that follows is a distractor and does not govern the verb. Parts one, three and four are all correctly constructed, including the relative clause introduced by 'that'. Hence the error lies in part (2).
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Q77. Change the following from active to passive: Why did the editor overlook the substantial stylistic anomalies?

Active Voice and Passive Voice

Right Answer: Why were the substantial stylistic anomalies overlooked by the editor?

Explanation:

The active sentence is an interrogative in the simple past, formed with the auxiliary 'did' plus the bare verb 'overlook'. In the passive, the object 'the substantial stylistic anomalies' becomes the subject, and because it is plural the past form of 'be' must be 'were', followed by the past participle 'overlooked'. The question word 'Why' stays at the front. This produces option four. Option one shifts to the present perfect, option two to the present continuous, and option three keeps 'did' alongside 'be', which is ungrammatical. Hence option four is correct.
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Q78. Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word: The historian referenced a bailey in Norman military architecture.

Homonyms and Homophones

Right Answer: The shepherd gathered his sheep in the bailey.

Explanation:

In Norman military architecture a 'bailey' is the walled enclosure or courtyard of a castle, most familiar from the motte-and-bailey design. Options two, three and four all keep the word firmly in this fortification sense, mentioning palisades, the motte and the king's guard. Option one, however, places the word in a pastoral setting where a shepherd gathers sheep, so the term is being used in a different, non-military sense rather than as part of a castle. That shift of meaning is what the question is testing. Hence option one is correct.
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Q79. Convert the sentence provided below from its passive voice structure to an active voice structure: It has been alleged that confidential data was being leaked by insiders within the firm.

Active Voice and Passive Voice

Right Answer: Insiders have allegedly been leaking confidential data within the firm.

Explanation:

The sentence contains two passive layers. The outer layer, 'It has been alleged', has no stated agent and is best rendered by the adverb 'allegedly'. The inner layer identifies 'insiders' as the real doer, so they must become the grammatical subject of the active sentence. Combining both gives 'Insiders have allegedly been leaking confidential data within the firm', which preserves the present perfect continuous force of the original. Option one drops the allegation entirely, option two remains passive, and option four reverses the roles by making the firm the leaker. Hence option three is correct.
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Q80. What is the central idea of groupthink as discussed in the passage?

Read the following passage and answer the question based on the passage:

Group thinking, often referred to as groupthink, is a psychological phenomenon wherein the desire for unanimity within a group overrides the motivation to appraise alternative viewpoints critically. It frequently leads to flawed decision-making because dissent is either internally suppressed or socially penalized. Social conformity, its close ally, describes the act of aligning one's beliefs or behaviours with those of a majority, often subconsciously, in pursuit of acceptance or avoidance of conflict. In tightly knit groups—such as corporate boards, political committees, or academic panels—individual members may refrain from expressing contrarian ideas, fearing ostracization or reputational risk. Over time, this collective homogeneity breeds intellectual stagnation, reducing innovation and enhancing vulnerability to strategic errors. The infamous Bay of Pigs invasion and the Challenger space shuttle disaster are frequently cited as textbook examples of decisions marred by groupthink. Psychologically, the roots of group conformity lie in our evolutionary inclination toward tribal belonging, where deviation was historically associated with survival risk. In modern society, the same instinct manifests through peer pressure, organizational culture, and digital echo chambers. Algorithms reinforce conformity by curating information bubbles that validate existing biases while filtering out divergent thought. However, the remedy to such cognitive myopia lies in institutionalizing dissent. Constructive disagreement, when encouraged within teams or communities, acts as an intellectual safeguard against tunnel vision. Promoting a culture where counterarguments are respected rather than reprimanded can lead to more robust, balanced, and resilient decision-making. In an age dominated by viral trends, polarized discourse, and performative alignment, the courage to question consensus is both rare and essential. True progress emerges not from blind allegiance to majority norms, but from critical inquiry and the audacity to challenge the comfortable.

Reading Comprehension

Right Answer: Valuing consensus over critique

Explanation:

The opening sentence defines groupthink as a phenomenon in which the desire for unanimity within a group overrides the motivation to appraise alternative viewpoints critically. That is precisely a case of valuing consensus above critique, which makes option two correct. The passage reinforces this by noting that dissent is suppressed or penalized and that members withhold contrarian ideas for fear of ostracization. Collaborative brainstorming would involve open exchange, the opposite of groupthink. Trusting experts and promoting decentralization are never presented as the core idea. Hence option two is correct.
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Q81. According to the passage, what evolutionary trait contributes to social conformity?

Read the following passage and answer the question based on the passage:

Group thinking, often referred to as groupthink, is a psychological phenomenon wherein the desire for unanimity within a group overrides the motivation to appraise alternative viewpoints critically. It frequently leads to flawed decision-making because dissent is either internally suppressed or socially penalized. Social conformity, its close ally, describes the act of aligning one's beliefs or behaviours with those of a majority, often subconsciously, in pursuit of acceptance or avoidance of conflict. In tightly knit groups—such as corporate boards, political committees, or academic panels—individual members may refrain from expressing contrarian ideas, fearing ostracization or reputational risk. Over time, this collective homogeneity breeds intellectual stagnation, reducing innovation and enhancing vulnerability to strategic errors. The infamous Bay of Pigs invasion and the Challenger space shuttle disaster are frequently cited as textbook examples of decisions marred by groupthink. Psychologically, the roots of group conformity lie in our evolutionary inclination toward tribal belonging, where deviation was historically associated with survival risk. In modern society, the same instinct manifests through peer pressure, organizational culture, and digital echo chambers. Algorithms reinforce conformity by curating information bubbles that validate existing biases while filtering out divergent thought. However, the remedy to such cognitive myopia lies in institutionalizing dissent. Constructive disagreement, when encouraged within teams or communities, acts as an intellectual safeguard against tunnel vision. Promoting a culture where counterarguments are respected rather than reprimanded can lead to more robust, balanced, and resilient decision-making. In an age dominated by viral trends, polarized discourse, and performative alignment, the courage to question consensus is both rare and essential. True progress emerges not from blind allegiance to majority norms, but from critical inquiry and the audacity to challenge the comfortable.

Reading Comprehension

Right Answer: Instinct for tribal survival

Explanation:

The passage states directly that psychologically the roots of group conformity lie in our evolutionary inclination toward tribal belonging, where deviation was historically associated with survival risk. Option three restates exactly this idea of an instinct for tribal survival. The author then observes that the same instinct reappears in modern life as peer pressure, organizational culture and digital echo chambers. A hunger for dominance, a need for speed and a desire for luxury are nowhere mentioned in the passage as evolutionary explanations. Hence option three is correct.
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Q82. Which of the following sentences contains an interjection?

Parts of Speech

Right Answer: Alas! We have lost the match.

Explanation:

An interjection is a word that expresses sudden emotion. 'Alas' expresses sorrow or regret, making the second sentence the only one containing an interjection.

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Q83. Identify the interjection in the sentence: Hurrah! We won the championship.

Parts of Speech

Right Answer: Hurrah

Explanation:

'Hurrah' is an interjection used to express joy or triumph. It stands apart from the grammatical structure of the sentence and is usually followed by an exclamation mark.

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Q84. Which punctuation mark is most commonly used immediately after an interjection?

Parts of Speech

Right Answer: Exclamation mark

Explanation:

Interjections express strong or sudden feeling and are typically followed by an exclamation mark, as in 'Wow! That is amazing.'

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Q85. Choose the sentence in which the interjection expresses relief.

Parts of Speech

Right Answer: Phew! I finally finished the exam.

Explanation:

'Phew' is an interjection used to express relief after a stressful situation, unlike 'Ouch' (pain), 'Hey' (attention) and 'Bravo' (praise).

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Q86. In the sentence 'Oh no! I forgot my umbrella,' which part of speech is 'Oh no'?

Parts of Speech

Right Answer: Interjection

Explanation:

'Oh no' is an interjection expressing dismay or regret. Interjections function independently of the grammatical structure of the sentence they appear in.

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Q87. Which type of noun is 'team' considered when referring to it as a single unit?

Noun

Right Answer: Collective Noun

Explanation:

'Team' refers to a group of individuals functioning as one unit, which makes it a collective noun.

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Q88. In the sentence 'Honesty is the best policy,' the word 'Honesty' is an example of:

Noun

Right Answer: Abstract Noun

Explanation:

'Honesty' names a quality that cannot be perceived by the five senses, so it is an abstract noun.

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Q89. Identify the proper noun in the sentence: 'Ravi visited the market last summer.'

Noun

Right Answer: Ravi

Explanation:

'Ravi' is the name of a particular person and is capitalized, making it a proper noun, unlike common nouns such as 'summer'.

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Q90. Which sentence contains a collective noun denoting a specific group?

Noun

Right Answer: A flock of birds flew across the sky.

Explanation:

'Flock' is a collective noun referring to a group of birds treated as a single unit.

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Q91. Choose the material noun from the following options.

Noun

Right Answer: Cotton

Explanation:

'Cotton' refers to a substance from which things are made, making it a material noun, unlike abstract (Happiness), collective (Army) or proper (Delhi) nouns.

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Q92. Choose the correct plural form of 'child'.

Noun

Right Answer: Children

Explanation:

'Child' has an irregular plural form 'children', not formed by simply adding -s or -es.

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Q93. Which of the following nouns is always used in the plural form?

Noun

Right Answer: Scissors

Explanation:

'Scissors' is one of a group of nouns (like trousers, spectacles) that denote paired items and are always treated as plural.

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Q94. Select the correctly spelled plural of 'analysis'.

Noun

Right Answer: Analyses

Explanation:

Nouns of Greek origin ending in '-is' (analysis, crisis, thesis) form their plural by changing '-is' to '-es': analyses.

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Q95. Which sentence has a subject-number error?

Noun

Right Answer: Mathematics are my favourite subject.

Explanation:

'Mathematics', though ending in -s, is treated as singular for subjects, so it must take a singular verb: 'Mathematics is my favourite subject.'

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Q96. Choose the correct plural of 'phenomenon'.

Noun

Right Answer: Phenomena

Explanation:

'Phenomenon' is a Greek-origin noun whose plural form is 'phenomena'.

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Q97. What is the feminine form of 'stallion'?

Noun

Right Answer: Mare

Explanation:

'Mare' is the feminine form of 'stallion' (a male horse); 'foal'/'colt'/'filly' refer to young horses rather than the gender pair of stallion.

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Q98. Choose the correct feminine gender of 'sorcerer'.

Noun

Right Answer: Sorceress

Explanation:

The feminine form of 'sorcerer' is formed by adding '-ess': sorceress.

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Q99. Which of the following nouns is common gender (refers to either male or female)?

Noun

Right Answer: Teacher

Explanation:

'Teacher' is a common-gender noun that applies equally to males and females, unlike 'actor', 'waiter' and 'widower'.

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Q100. Identify the masculine form of 'duck'.

Noun

Right Answer: Drake

Explanation:

The male of a duck is called a 'drake'; 'gander' is the male goose, 'drone' the male bee, and 'buck' the male deer.

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Published: | Last Updated: | Total Questions: 2,165
Deepak - Educational Content Creator

Written by Deepak

Educational Content Creator

I am an educational content creator dedicated to making learning simple, engaging, and accessible for students preparing for competitive exams. He specializes in creating high-quality study materials, including notes, multiple-choice questions (MCQs), previous year question papers, practice tests, and exam-oriented resources.

Experience: 10+ years in Education and Competitive Exam Content Creator

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